• You have 3 hours to complete the exam (1:00-4:00)
• There are 9 questions on the exam worth a total of 90 marks, attempt all questions.
• Answer in the exam booklets provided, extra booklets are available if needed. Be sure to clearly number each of your answers in the booklet.
• The exam is closed book, closed notes, no calculators, phones, or other electronic aids of any form may be used during the exam, but you are permitted one double-sided 8.5x11" sheet of reference notes ("cheatsheet").
• The use of ear plugs/protection is permitted, but NOT the use of headphones or headsets (with or without attached devices).
• Be sure to check your exam to make sure all 9 questions are included.

Question 1: Input and error checking [10]

Write a complete and correct C++ function that meets all of the following requirements:

• takes no parameters,
• obtains and returns a negative real number (double or float) from the user (providing the user with an appropriate prompt),
• performs appropriate error checking for non-numeric and non-negative values,
• repeats until a valid response is obtained.

Question 2: Processing sorted arrays [10]

Write a complete and correct C++ function that takes a sorted array of integers and its size as parameters and returns true if the array contains any duplicate values, false otherwise. (You can assume the array contents are already sorted, you do not need to check or sort.)
Hint: there were any duplicate values in a sorted array they would have to be beside each other.

Question 3: Nested loops [10]

Write a complete and correct C++ program that takes two integer parameters, M and N, and displays M rows of output, where each row consists of the character '*' N times.

Question 4: Recursion [10]

A recursive C++ function is given below. Show the exact output the function would produce if it was called as follows: recurse(7,11);

void recurse(int x, int y)
{
   cout << "beginning:" << x << "," << y << endl;
   if (x < y) {
      recurse(x+1, y-1);
   }
   cout << "ending: " << x << "," << y << endl;
}

Question 5: Arrays and loops [10]

Write a complete and correct C++ function that meets all the requirements below:

• the function profile is
  void slide(int arr[], int n); // n is the array size
• the function moves values in positions 0..n-2 one spot towards the "end" of the array
• after moving those values, 0 is placed in position 0 of the array

Question 6: Null terminated character arrays, cstring [10]

Suppose the following segment of C++ code is run:

   char str1[80];
   char str2[60];
   char str3[70];
   strcpy(str1, "goodbye!");
   strcpy(str2, "hello world!");
   strcpy(str3, "almost done with 159...");
   str1[7] = '\0';
   strcpy(str3, str1);

1. What would be returned by strlen(str1)?
2. What is displayed by cout << str2;
3. If we were to run strlen on each of str1, str2, and str3, which would have the greatest length (or are all equal length)?
4. What character is in str3[7]?
5. What character is in str3[8]?

Question 7: structs [10]

Given the definition of the DATA struct below, write a complete and correct C++ function that meets all the following requirements:

• the function takes two DATA structs as parameters, the first pass-by-reference and the second pass-by-value
• the function copies each of the data fields from the pass-by-value parameter into the corresponding fields of the pass-by-reference parameter.

struct DATA {
   int first;
   float second;
   char third;
};

Question 8: Arrays of structs [10]

Given the Fraction definition below, provide a complete and correct C++ function that meets all the following requirements:

• it takes three parameters: an array of Fractions, the array size, and another Fraction, results, where results is pass-by-reference
• it sets the numerator field of results to the product of all the numerator fields in the array of structs
• it sets the denominator field of results to the product of all the denominator fields in the array of structs

struct Fraction {
   int numerator;
   int denominator;
};

Question 9: Pointers, dynamic allocation [10]

(i) Explain the apparent purpose of function f below:

double *f(int X)
{
   double *result;
   result = new double[X];
   for (int i = 0; i < X; i++) {
       result[i] = 0.0;
   }
   return result;
}

That's all, good luck with the rest of your exams and have a good summer!